[django]newforms两种方式示例
newforms是django新的对表单处理功能,查看官方文档:http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/newforms/
最近也在看newsform的文章，总结了两种使用的方法，如下所示：
一、根据model自动生成newsform
model:
# Create your models here.
class ResType(models.Model):
typename = models.CharField('typename',maxlength=20)
class Admin: pass
def __str__(self):
return self.typename
class Resource(models.Model):
title = models.CharField('标题',maxlength=200)
content = models.TextField('内容',null=True, blank=True)
resdate = models.DateTimeField('发布日期',default=DEFAULT_DATE, blank=True)
restype = models.ForeignKey(ResType)
class Admin:
list_display = ('title',)
def __str__(self):
return self.title
view:
from django import newforms as forms
def public(request, id=None):
entry = None
if id is None:
EntryForm = forms.models.form_for_model(Resource)
else:
entry = Resource.objects.get(id=id)
EntryForm = forms.models.form_for_instance(entry)
#EntryForm.fields['detail'].widget = TinyMCE()
if request.method == 'POST':
form = EntryForm(request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
entry = form.save(commit=False)
entry.save()
return HttpResponseRedirect("/")
else:
form = EntryForm()
t = loader.get_template('public.html')
c = Context({'form': form,'resource':entry})
return HttpResponse(t.render(c))
template:
{% load i18n utiltags %}
{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block head%}
{% endblock %}
{% block body %}
<form enctype="multipart/form-data" action="/resource/public/{%ifnotequal resource None %}{{resource.id}}/{%endifnotequal%}" method="post" id="resource_edit">
<div id="message">ddd</div>
<table>
{{ form }}
</table>
<input type="submit" value="OK">
</form>
{% endblock %}
这一种方式主要有如下关键点
1.EntryForm = forms.models.form_for_model(Resource)
生成一个具有Model模型的空的Form,用来显示添加表单
2.EntryForm = forms.models.form_for_instance(entry)
根据一个对象来生成含有该对象数据的Form,用来显示带数据的表单
3.数据保存直接可以通过Post过来的数据创建一Form实例，并调用该实例的save方法
二、自定义Form
有时候通过Model自动创建的Form不适合，譬如：Model中的某些属性我不需要显示在页面上，或数据处理方式比较复杂，这个时候你就需要自定义Form.我们先看看代码：
自定义的Form:
from django.newforms import *
from apps.resource.models import ResType,Tag,Resource
class ResourceForm(Form):
title = CharField(label='标题',required=True)
content = CharField(label='内容',widget=Textarea(attrs={'rows': 10, 'cols': 50}))
resdate = DateField(label='发布日期')
restype = ChoiceField(label='类别',
choices=[(c.id,c.typename) for c in ResType.objects.all()])
def __init__(self, data=None, auto_id='id_%s', prefix=None,initial=None, instance=None):
if instance is not None:
self.instance = instance
new_data = {}
new_data["title"] = instance.title
new_data["content"] = instance.content
new_data["resdate"] = instance.resdate
new_data["restype"] = instance.restype
data = new_data
else:
self.instance = None
super(ResourceForm, self).__init__(data, auto_id, prefix, initial)
def save(self, commit=True):
if self.instance is not None:
instance = self.instance
else:
instance = Resource()
print 'test:'+ self.clean_data["restype"]
instance.title = self.clean_data["title"]
instance.content = self.clean_data["content"]
instance.resdate = self.clean_data["resdate"]
instance.restype = ResType.objects.get(id=self.clean_data["restype"])
if commit:
instance.save()
return instance
该自定义Form类中主要有两部分：
1、重写构造函数，主要是传递数据
2、自定义save方法，用来将Form接收的数据进行处理
View:
def add_entry(request,id=None):
if id is not None:
instance = Resource.objects.get(id=id)
InstanceForm = ResourceForm(instance=instance)
else:
InstanceForm = ResourceForm()
if request.POST:
form1 = ResourceForm(request.POST)
if form1.is_valid():
form1.save()
return HttpResponseRedirect('/')
t = loader.get_template('add_entry.html')
c = Context({'form': InstanceForm})
return HttpResponse(t.render(c))
其实View部分和第一种方式很相似的，不同的是Form的创建方式。
Template和以前一样。
只写这么多，作为自己学习的一个记录。
参考资料：
http://code.pui.ch/2007/01/07/using-djangos-newforms/
http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/newforms/
http://code.djangoproject.com/browser/django/trunk/tests/regressiontests/forms/tests.py
页:
[1]